PCOS is a disorder of the endocrine system — the system of glands that produce hormones that regulate the body’s functions. The World Health Organization estimates that PCOS affects an estimated 8% to 13% of women of childbearing age (between 15 and 44). Most women find out they have PCOS in their 20s and 30s when they see their healthcare provider about trouble getting pregnant.
Dr. Aliabadi calls PCOS the “silent epidemic” and goes on to say that it “is the leading cause of infertility, and yet patients are not being diagnosed in time.”
Living with a chronic condition like PCOS can take a toll on your life. Dr. Aliabadi is deeply passionate about helping women manage and overcome the challenges of PCOS. With her extensive expertise and compassionate approach, she has helped countless patients achieve better health and well-being.
Who is at risk of PCOS?
We don’t know what exactly causes the polycystic ovarian syndrome. While most women won’t be diagnosed with PCOS until their 20s or 30s, it can start at any age after puberty. There is no difference in risk for women of different ethnic backgrounds.
A family history of PCOS increases your own risk.
Obesity and PCOS go hand-in-hand: overweight people seem to be at higher risk, and obesity is a symptom of PCOS. Being overweight can also worsen PCOS symptoms.
PCOS often develops between puberty and menopause.
As we mentioned, the ovaries contain many follicles, which represent immature eggs. By the time a girl hits puberty, her ovaries contain about 40,000 follicles. These follicles have two main cell layers involved in hormone production: theca cells and granulosa cells.
Theca cells produce androgens in response to luteinizing hormone (LH). LH triggers the release of an egg from the ovary during the middle of the menstrual cycle,
These androgens then move to the granulosa cells, where they are converted into estrogen, helping with follicle maturation and ovulation.
An enzyme called aromatase, found in the ovaries and fat cells, converts androgens into estrogen. Insulin, cortisol, and inflammatory cytokines can stimulate the activity of aromatase.
Problems in these cells are thought to be the main cause of PCOS.
How do gynecologists diagnose PCOS?
There is no single test to diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). To help diagnose PCOS and rule out other causes of your symptoms, Dr. Aliabadi will review your medical history and do a physical exam with tests:
Physical exam. Your blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and waist size will be checked. They will also examine your face, chest, back, and skin for signs of excess hair growth, acne, or skin discoloration. Dr. A may look for thinning hair or signs of other health conditions, such as an enlarged thyroid gland.
Pelvic exam. This may be performed for side effects of extra androgens (for example, an enlarged clitoris) and to check if your ovaries are enlarged or swollen.
Pelvic ultrasound (sonogram). This test uses sound waves to examine your ovaries for cysts and assess the endometrium, the lining of the uterus.
Blood tests. This is to check your androgen hormone levels. The doctor will also check for hormones related to other common health problems that can be mistaken for PCOS, such as thyroid disease. She may also check your cholesterol and blood glucose levels.
What are the symptoms of PCOS?
Patients with PCOS symptoms typically experience:
Unpredictable and or irregular periods – Menstrual periods may be absent or infrequent, or occur too frequently
Several small ovarian cysts.
Severe acne or acne that doesn’t respond to treatment.
Oily skin.
Acanthosis nigricans – abnormal patches of skin that appear dark and velvety.
Skin tags – small excess flaps of skin in the armpits or neck area.
Hirsutism – abnormal hair growth on the chest, face, upper thighs, and abdomen.
Male-pattern hair loss or baldness.
Severe weight gain affects about 80% of women with PCOS.
Infertility. PCOS also increases the risk of preterm delivery, a cesarean section delivery, and miscarriage.
Depression and anxiety.
If you’re experiencing these symptoms, please make an appointment with your OB/GYN. Keep a record of your symptoms, and be sure to ask any questions you may have. Your OB-GYN will diagnose based on your symptoms, hormone levels, and ultrasound findings.
If you’re overweight and have PCOS, you’re at higher risk of obstructive sleep apnea — a condition where breathing repeatedly stops during sleep.
Polycystic ovary syndrome causes the body to produce high levels of androgens (i.e., “male hormones”). Everyone has some androgens, but their levels tend to be lower in women.
This hormonal imbalance prevents the proper maturation of eggs. In healthy ovaries, eggs are developed and released by the follicles; the empty follicles then dissolve and are reabsorbed into the ovary. With PCOS, the immature follicles cannot dissolve and instead develop into small fluid-filled cysts.
Gynecologists, such as Dr. Aliabadi, who specialize in reproductive endocrinology, study the connection between hormonal imbalances and fertility. PCOS is a leading cause of infertility due to these hormonal imbalances.
Long-term health risks of polycystic ovary syndrome
While we don’t know the exact cause of PCOS, we do know it is related to insulin resistance and increased levels of androgens in the bloodstream. Also, patients with PCOS often have higher LDL (bad) cholesterol and lower HDL (good) cholesterol levels.
Women with PCOS often have insulin resistance, meaning their bodies can’t lower blood sugar levels correctly. These factors contribute to your risk of serious illness and complications. Research shows that patients with PCOS have an increased risk of developing:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance can lead to elevated blood sugar levels and, over time, increase the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes.
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
High cholesterol
Cardiovascular disease (heart disease)
Metabolic syndrome
Endometrial cancer. Irregular or absent menstrual cycles can lead to a build-up of the uterine lining (endometrium), increasing the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and, potentially, endometrial cancer.
Women with PCOS may also experience pregnancy complications, including gestational diabetes, preterm delivery, or pre-eclampsia.
What are some PCOS treatments?
If you are diagnosed with PCOS, Dr. Aliabadi will recommend a course of treatment based on your symptoms, your medical history, and your desire to become pregnant in the future. While PCOS cannot be cured, a mixture of medication and lifestyle changes can lessen symptoms.
Oral contraceptive treatment can deliver estrogen and progestin to the body to regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce androgen levels. These pills can reduce menstrual irregularities and decrease unwanted body hair and acne. This treatment plan can work long-term for patients who no longer wish to become pregnant.
Weight loss
Healthy eating habits and regular physical activity can help relieve PCOS-related symptoms, but they may not be enough. While losing weight can help lower your blood glucose levels, improve the way your body uses insulin, and regulate hormones, PCOS can work against weight loss.
Insulin resistance and hormonal imbalances can lead to weight gain. While it may be harder to reverse PCOS-triggered weight gain, it is possible to lose weight if you have PCOS. Support groups and primary care doctors can help find what your body needs to start losing weight and improving your symptoms.
Insulin-sensitizing drugs
These drugs are normally used to treat patients with diabetes, but they can help women with PCOS by facilitating the body’s response to insulin. They can also help jumpstart ovulation by reducing levels of androgens, which helps put the menstrual cycle back on track.
Appearance changes
If PCOS has given you extra unwanted hair, try facial hair removal creams, laser hair removal, or electrolysis. You can find hair removal creams and products at drugstores. A doctor may perform procedures such as laser hair removal or electrolysis; however, your insurance may not cover these services. These procedures can help reduce the appearance of excess hair and (potentially) slow its growth.
If you’re experiencing excessive acne due to PCOS, a dermatologist may be able to prescribe creams or treatments to reduce acne or improve its appearance.
Are there any supplements that may help PCOS sufferers?
As one of the leading medical experts in PCOS, Dr. Aliabadi set out to create a comprehensive PCOS solution. Frustrated with the roadblocks to diagnosis and quality care, Ovii was created to give women an opportunity to help take control of their health.
Dr. Aliabadi wanted more for her patients and set out to create a comprehensive solution targeting women’s health.
Ovii was formulated as a once daily nutritional supplement targeting women’s health beyond the standard.
Dr. Aliabadi has created an effective way forward for women seeking a science-backed, doctor-approved supplement. Ovii is an alternative that helps women manage their symptoms.
Make an appointment with Dr. Aliabadi, the best PCOS doctor near me
Don’t let PCOS define your life. Schedule a consultation with Dr. Aliabadi and receive personalized expert care. The consultation is a thorough, customized process that involves a comprehensive review of your medical history, lifestyle, and symptoms, along with diagnostic testing. Dr. Aliabadi (also known as “Dr. A” to her patients) collaborates with you to create a customized treatment plan that addresses your unique health needs, fertility goals, and long-term wellness, ensuring ongoing support and adjustments as needed.
As one of the nation’s leading OB/GYNs, Dr. Thaïs Aliabadi in Beverly Hills offers the very best in women’s health and well-being. With her warm and professional team, Dr. Aliabadi supports women throughout all phases of life. She fosters a special one-on-one relationship between patient and doctor.
Highly trained and honored by the medical community, Dr. Thais Aliabadi is certified by the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology and is a Diplomat of the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. She implements the most advanced, state-of-the-art technology and treatment options.
Dr. Aliabadi specializes in up-to-date, minimally invasive surgical techniques, which promise her patients shorter recovery times, reduced pain, and minimal interruption to their daily lives.
We also invite you to establish care with Dr. Aliabadi. Please make an appointment online or call us at (844) 863-6700 for general inquiries.
Dr. Thais Aliabadi is a member of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Her practice is conveniently located for patients throughout Southern California and the Los Angeles area. We are near Beverly Hills, West Hollywood, Santa Monica, West Los Angeles, Culver City, Hollywood, Venice, Marina del Rey, Malibu, Manhattan Beach, and Downtown Los Angeles.
PCOS occurs when there is an overproduction of male hormones known as androgens. This hormonal imbalance is the primary cause of the condition.
How does PCOS affect the ovaries and fertility?
The excess androgens in women with PCOS lead to the development of small, fluid-filled sacs in the ovaries, known as cysts. These cysts can interfere with the normal release of eggs, significantly affecting fertility and making it difficult for women to conceive.
How common is PCOS among women of childbearing age?
PCOS is a relatively common endocrine disorder affecting women, particularly those between the ages of 15 and 44, marking a significant percentage of the female population in their reproductive years.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What symptoms indicate a diagnosis?
Symptoms that indicate a PCOS diagnosis include irregular periods, excessive hair growth, acne, weight gain, and darkening of the skin. Additional tests may be recommended post-diagnosis to monitor for potential complications such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, endometrial hyperplasia or cancer, obstructive sleep apnea, and mental health conditions.
What diagnostic tests are essential?
Essential diagnostic tests for PCOS include a physical exam, blood pressure check, BMI assessment, and identifying excess hair growth. Hormone levels, ultrasound findings, and medical history help in the diagnosis process. Additional tests to monitor for potential complications may be recommended post-diagnosis.
Can the condition lead to bone density issues?
PCOS can lead to bone density issues due to hormonal imbalances affecting bone health. If left unmanaged, PCOS may increase the risk of osteoporosis or other bone-related complications over time. Monitoring bone health through regular screenings and maintaining a healthy lifestyle is crucial in addressing this potential concern.
Which supplements do experts suggest?
Experts often suggest supplements like Metformin to improve insulin sensitivity, regulate menstrual cycles, promote ovulation, and reduce androgen levels in women with PCOS. These supplements can also aid in weight loss and lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes associated with PCOS.
How might relationships be affected?
Living with PCOS can affect relationships due to infertility, hormonal imbalances, and the emotional toll of managing a chronic condition. Partners may need to provide support, understanding, and patience as individuals navigate the challenges that come with PCOS.
Is hormonal birth control a common prescription?
Yes, hormonal birth control is a common prescription for managing symptoms of PCOS. It can help regulate menstrual cycles, reduce acne, control excessive hair growth, and improve overall hormone balance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
What diet changes aid symptom management?
Diet changes like adopting a healthy diet, maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, and managing stress aid in symptom management for PCOS. Implementing these lifestyle modifications can have a positive impact on insulin sensitivity, weight loss, and overall well-being for individuals with PCOS.
Are herbal supplements effective treatments?
Herbal supplements may not be standardized, leading to variability in effectiveness and potential interactions with medications. Consulting a healthcare provider before use is crucial.
What's a typical specialist consultation cost?
The consultation fee for a specialist appointment will vary depending on the provider, location, and specific services rendered. Before scheduling an appointment, it's advisable to contact the specialist's office directly to inquire about their consultation fees and any additional costs that may apply.
What credentials do specialists need?
Specialists in reproductive endocrinology need certifications in obstetrics and gynecology, while maintaining credentials from recognized medical boards and organizations. Additionally, they require specialized training in hormonal imbalances, fertility, and PCOS.
How frequently is blood monitoring necessary?
Blood monitoring frequency for PCOS varies. Dr. Aliabadi recommends regular check-ups to monitor hormone levels, insulin resistance, and lipid profiles. Frequency may depend on individual health status and treatment plan. It's important to follow your doctor's guidance for optimal management.
What are the dangers of non-treatment?
If left untreated, PCOS can lead to long-term health risks such as insulin resistance, Type 2 diabetes, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer, and pregnancy complications like gestational diabetes and preterm delivery. It can also increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, mental health conditions, and obstructive sleep apnea.
How are cysts and this condition differentiated?
The presence of cysts on the ovaries alone is not the defining factor for diagnosing PCOS. PCOS is identified through a combination of symptoms, hormone levels, and ultrasound findings, including irregular periods, excessive hair growth, acne, and weight gain.
Is the condition reversible or manageable?
PCOS is manageable; treatment based on symptoms, medical history, and fertility goals may include weight loss, insulin-sensitizing drugs, and appearance changes. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and managing symptoms can significantly improve outcomes, including fertility.
Will specialists assist with weight control?
Specialists, like Dr. Aliabadi, assist with personalized medical weight loss treatments for patients with PCOS. They focus on achieving a healthier lifestyle to help regulate hormones, insulin sensitivity, and improve overall well-being, empowering patients to avoid future health issues through tailored programs.
Why does body hair increase occur?
Body hair increase in PCOS occurs due to elevated androgen levels, impacting hormone balance and leading to hirsutism (excessive hair growth). This characteristic symptom can be managed through treatments like laser hair removal, creams, or electrolysis.
What common misconceptions should be addressed?
A common misconception about PCOS is that all women with the condition struggle with infertility. While PCOS is a leading cause of infertility, many women with PCOS can conceive and have healthy pregnancies with appropriate treatment. It's important to recognize that fertility outcomes can vary among individuals with PCOS.
Can a regular OB/GYN provide effective treatment?
A regular OB/GYN can effectively treat PCOS by diagnosing based on symptoms, hormone levels, and ultrasound findings. Treatments may include lifestyle changes, medications, fertility treatments, and specialized programs for weight management. Early diagnosis is crucial for managing symptoms and preventing long-term health risks.
Are hair loss and excess growth common?
Hair loss and excess growth are common symptoms of PCOS due to hormonal imbalances. This can be distressing but is treatable with options such as hair removal creams or laser treatments for unwanted hair, or medications to manage hormone levels.
How is insulin resistance in this condition diagnosed?
Insulin resistance in PCOS is typically diagnosed through blood tests measuring fasting glucose levels and insulin levels. Additionally, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) may be conducted to assess how your body responds to sugar intake over time. It's essential to monitor these markers to manage PCOS effectively.
Can emotional well-being be affected?
Emotional well-being can be affected due to the challenges of living with PCOS, such as infertility, weight gain, and hormonal imbalances. It's important to seek support and prioritize mental health alongside physical care when managing PCOS.
Will losing weight alleviate symptoms?
Losing weight can help improve insulin sensitivity, hormone balance, and regulate menstrual cycles for women with PCOS. It may reduce the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes and improve fertility outcomes by promoting ovulation. However, achieving weight loss with PCOS can be challenging, and a personalized approach is beneficial.
How to locate a nearby specialist?
To locate a nearby specialist for PCOS or any related concerns, start by asking for recommendations from your primary care physician or check with your insurance provider for in-network options. Use online platforms, like health directories or the clinic's website, to find specialists in your area.
What does the abbreviation stand for?
The abbreviation "PCOS" stands for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
What various treatment options exist?
Various treatment options for PCOS include insulin-sensitizing drugs, weight loss strategies, lifestyle changes, and addressing symptoms through medications like Metformin. Dr. Aliabadi specializes in creating personalized medical weight-loss treatments to help manage PCOS and improve overall health. Personalized treatments aim to regulate hormones, improve ovulation, and enhance fertility.
Are mental health discussions part of treatment?
Mental health discussions are an integral part of PCOS treatment, focusing on emotional well-being, stress reduction, and coping strategies. Dr. Aliabadi emphasizes holistic care, addressing mental health alongside physical symptoms to promote overall wellness and quality of life in patients with PCOS.
Can skin issues be symptom-related?
Yes, skin issues like acne and darkening can be symptoms of PCOS. These occur due to hormonal imbalances, high androgen levels, and insulin resistance associated with the condition. Skin changes can help diagnose PCOS and are often present in individuals with the syndrome.
What personalization goes into treatment plans?
Dr. Aliabadi creates personalized treatment plans for PCOS patients based on symptoms, medical history, and fertility goals. She offers customized care, including insulin-sensitizing drugs and appearance changes as needed. Patient-focused support and adjustments ensure ongoing wellness.
Are there increased pregnancy risks?
Yes, PCOS increases the risk of pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes, preterm delivery, cesarean section, and miscarriage. Managing PCOS with proper treatment is crucial for addressing these risks and promoting a healthy pregnancy.
Should natural treatment options be discussed?
Natural treatment options can be discussed in conjunction with medical treatments to manage PCOS symptoms. Lifestyle changes, dietary modifications, and stress management can complement medical interventions. Integrating both approaches under medical guidance may provide holistic care for individuals with PCOS.
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